02013nam a22001817a 4500 20260605120530.0 260605b |||||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d 9788178244600 323.60 JAY Jayal, Niraja Gopal. Citizenship and Its Discontents : An Indian History / Niraja Gopal Jayal Ranikhet, India : Permanent Black , 2015. viii, 366 p. ; 24 cm. Breaking new ground in scholarship, Niraja Jayal writes the first history of citizenship in the largest democracy in the world—India. Unlike the mature democracies of the west, India began as a true republic of equals with a complex architecture of citizenship rights that was sensitive to the many hierarchies of Indian society. In this provocative biography of the defining aspiration of modern India, Jayal shows how the progressive civic ideals embodied in the constitution have been challenged by exclusions based on social and economic inequality, and sometimes also, paradoxically, undermined by its own policies of inclusion. Citizenship and Its Discontents explores a century of contestations over citizenship from the colonial period to the present, analyzing evolving conceptions of citizenship as legal status, as rights, and as identity. The early optimism that a new India could be fashioned out of an unequal and diverse society led to a formally inclusive legal membership, an impulse to social and economic rights, and group-differentiated citizenship. Today, these policies to create a civic community of equals are losing support in a climate of social intolerance and weak solidarity. Once seen by Western political scientists as an anomaly, India today is a site where every major theoretical debate about citizenship is being enacted in practice, and one that no global discussion of the subject can afford to ignore. Citizenship and civil rights in India India -- Politics and government. VC OFFICE 68880 68880 0 0 ddc 0 1 SNUL SNUL 2026-06-05 0 323.60 JAY VC136 2026-06-05 12:07:41 2026-06-05 VC OFFICE Books Received from VC office