The Subaltern Subject in Structured Historical Process: Towards an Epistemological Approach by Denzil Saldanha examines one of the central questions in Subaltern Studies: how marginalized groups become historical agents. The author argues that subaltern consciousness should be understood as a distinct form of knowledge (epistemology) rather than merely a response to domination. Using Marxian historical materialism and Gramsci's concept of hegemony, Saldanha develops a theoretical framework for analyzing the relationship between social structures and subaltern agency. The book critically evaluates major writings in the Subaltern Studies series, particularly their treatment of peasant consciousness, resistance, and political action. Drawing on the author's long-term research on Adivasi political movements in the former Thane district of Maharashtra, the study demonstrates how marginalized communities actively interpret, negotiate, and transform historical conditions rather than simply reacting to them. It also places the arguments of Ranajit Guha's Elementary Aspects of Peasant Insurgency in Colonial India in dialogue with the works of Antonio Gramsci, Karl Marx, and E. P. Thompson.