This book delineates tribal knowledge systems and emphasizes their multidisciplinary nature. It describes their different components such as the science behind tribal art and architecture, medicinal and healing systems, agricultural and nutritional aspects, and ways of human-nature coherence. It highlights the importance of preservation and promotion of these knowledge systems to create a sustainable world. The book explains the structure and functions of tribal knowledge systems that have the potential to create a balance between nature and development. It describes the various approaches to traditional lifestyles and the conversion of those approaches into modern science and technology-based theories. It also outlines the policy framework developed by the government and the suite of legal instruments for preserving and promoting these knowledge systems in more scientific and applicable ways.