Environmental Studies pertain to a systematic analysis of the natural and man-made world encompassing various scientific, economic, social and ethical aspects. Human impacts leading to large scale degradation of the environment have aroused global concern on environmental issues in the recent years. The apex court has, hence, issued directive to impart environmental literacy to all. In this book the fundamental concepts of environmental studies have been introduced and analysed in a simple manner strictly as per the module syllabus designed by the U.G.C. i.e., Six Months Module Syllabus (old) and Ability Enhancement Compulsory Course (AECC) (new), courses in Environment Studies for undergraduate course in science, humanities, engineering, medicine, pharmacy, commerce, management and law. Besides, the book is also useful for those appearing in various competitive exams since environmental issues now find a focus in most of such examinations. The contents of the book will be of interest to all educationists, planners and policy makers.