Preface v
I THE TOOLS OF ASTRONOMY
1 (178)
The Celestial Sphere
2 (21)
The Greek Tradition
2 (3)
The Copernican Revolution
5 (3)
Positions on the Celestial Sphere
8 (11)
Physics and Astronomy
19 (4)
Celestial Mechanics
23 (34)
Elliptical Orbits
23 (6)
Newtonian Mechanics
29 (10)
Kepler's Laws Derived
39 (11)
The Virial Theorem
50 (7)
The Continuous Spectrum of Light
57 (27)
Stellar Parallax
57 (3)
The Magnitude Scale
60 (3)
The Wave Nature of Light
63 (5)
Blackbody Radiation
68 (3)
The Quantization of Energy
71 (4)
The Color Index
75 (9)
The Theory of Special Relativity
84 (27)
The Failure of the Galilean Transformations
84 (3)
The Lorentz Transformations
87 (5)
Time and Space in Special Relativity
92 (10)
Relativistic Momentum and Energy
102 (9)
The Interaction of Light and Matter
111 (30)
Spectral Lines
111 (5)
Photons
116 (3)
The Bohr Model of the Atom
119 (8)
Quantum Mechanics and Wave--Particle Duality
127 (14)
Telescopes
141 (38)
Basic Optics
141 (13)
Optical Telescopes
154 (7)
Radio Telescopes
161 (6)
Infrared, Ultraviolet, X-ray, and Gamma-Ray Astronomy
167 (3)
All-Sky Surveys and Virtual Observatories
170 (9)
II THE NATURE OF STARS
179 (534)
Binary Systems and Stellar Parameters
180 (22)
The Classification of Binary Stars
180 (3)
Mass Determination Using Visual Binaries
183 (3)
Eclipsing, Spectroscopic Binaries
186 (9)
The Search for Extrasolar Planets
195 (7)
The Classification of Stellar Spectra
202 (29)
The Formation of Spectral Lines
202 (17)
The Hertzsprung--Russell Diagram
219 (12)
Stellar Atmospheres
231 (53)
The Description of the Radiation Field
231 (7)
Stellar Opacity
238 (13)
Radiative Transfer
251 (4)
The Transfer Equation
255 (12)
The Profiles of Spectral Lines
267 (17)
The Interiors of Stars
284 (65)
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
284 (4)
Pressure Equation of State
288 (8)
Stellar Energy Sources
296 (19)
Energy Transport and Thermodynamics
315 (14)
Stellar Model Building
329 (11)
The Main Sequence
340 (9)
The Sun
349 (49)
The Solar Interior
349 (11)
The Solar Atmosphere
360 (21)
The Solar Cycle
381 (17)
The Interstellar Medium and Star Formation
398 (48)
Interstellar Dust and Gas
398 (14)
The Formation of Protostars
412 (13)
Pre-Main Sequence Evolution
425 (21)
Main Sequence and Post-Main-Sequence Stellar Evolution
446 (37)
Evolution on the Main Sequence
446 (11)
Late Stages of Stellar Evolution
457 (17)
Stellar Clusters
474 (9)
Stellar Pulsation
483 (35)
Observations of Pulsating Stars
483 (8)
The Physics of Stellar Pulsation
491 (8)
Modeling Stellar Pulsation
499 (4)
Nonradial Stellar Pulsation
503 (6)
Helioseismology and Asteroseismology
509 (9)
The Fate of Massive Stars
518 (39)
Post-Main-Sequence Evolution of Massive Stars
518 (6)
The Classification of Supernovae
524 (5)
Core-Collapse Supernovae
529 (14)
Gamma-Ray Bursts
543 (7)
Cosmic Rays
550 (7)
The Degenerate Remnants of Stars
557 (52)
The Discovery of Sirius B
557 (2)
White Dwarfs
559 (4)
The Physics of Degenerate Matter
563 (6)
The Chandrasekhar Limit
569 (3)
The Cooling of White Dwarfs
572 (6)
Neutron Stars
578 (8)
Pulsars
586 (23)
General Relativity and Black Holes
609 (44)
The General Theory of Relativity
609 (13)
Intervals and Geodesics
622 (11)
Black Holes
633 (20)
Close Binary Star Systems
653 (60)
Gravity in a Close Binary Star System
653 (8)
Accretion Disks
661 (7)
A Survey of Interacting Binary Systems
668 (5)
White Dwarfs in Semidetached Binaries
673 (13)
Type la Supernovae
686 (3)
Neutron Stars and Black Holes in Binaries
689 (24)
III THE SOLAR SYSTEM
713 (160)
Physical Processes in the Solar System
714 (23)
A Brief Survey
714 (5)
Tidal Forces
719 (5)
The Physics of Atmospheres
724 (13)
The Terrestrial Planets
737 (38)
Mercury
737 (3)
Venus
740 (5)
Earth
745 (9)
The Moon
754 (8)
Mars
762 (13)
The Realms of the Giant Planets
775 (38)
The Giant Worlds
775 (15)
The Moons of the Giants
790 (11)
Planetary Ring Systems
801 (12)
Minor Bodies of the Solar System
813 (35)
Pluto and Charon
813 (3)
Comets and Kuiper Belt Objects
816 (14)
Asteroids
830 (8)
Meteorites
838 (10)
Formation of Planetary Systems
848 (25)
Characteristics of Extrasolar Planetary Systems
848 (9)
Planetary System Formation and Evolution
857 (16)
IV GALAXIES AND THE UNIVERSE
873
The Milky Way Galaxy
874 (66)
Counting the Stars in the Sky
874 (7)
The Morphology of the Galaxy
881 (17)
The Kinematics of the Milky Way
898 (24)
The Galactic Center
922 (18)
The Nature of Galaxies
940 (59)
The Hubble Sequence
940 (8)
Spiral and Irregular Galaxies
948 (16)
Spiral Structure
964 (19)
Elliptical Galaxies
983 (16)
Galactic Evolution
999 (39)
Interactions of Galaxies
999 (17)
The Formation of Galaxies
1016 (22)
The Structure of the Universe
1038 (47)
The Extragalactic Distance Scale
1038 (14)
The Expansion of the Universe
1052 (6)
Clusters of Galaxies
1058 (27)
Active Galaxies
1085 (59)
Observations of Active Galaxies
1085 (23)
A Unified Model of Active Galactic Nuclei
1108 (14)
Radio Lobes and Jets
1122 (8)
Using Quasars to Probe the Universe
1130 (14)
Cosmology
1144 (86)
Newtonian Cosmology
1144 (18)
The Cosmic Microwave Background
1162 (21)
Relativistic Cosmology
1183 (16)
Observational Cosmology
1199 (31)
The Early Universe
1230
The Very Early Universe and Inflation
1230 (17)
The Origin of Structure
1247
Astronomical and Physical Constants
Unit Conversions
Solar System Data 1 (2)
The Constellations 3 (2)
The Brightest Stars 5 (2)
The Nearest Stars 7 (2)
Stellar Data 9 (4)
The Messier Catalog 13 (3)
Constants, A Programming Module 16 (1)
Orbit, A Planetary Orbit Code 17 (1)
TwoStars, A Binary Star Code 18 (5)
StarStar, A Stellar Structure Code 23 (3)
Galaxy, A Tidal Interaction Code 26 (3)
WMAP Data 29 (1)
Suggested Reading 30

An Introduction to Modern Astrophysics, Second Edition has been thoroughly revised to reflect the dramatic changes and advancements in astrophysics that have occurred over the past decade. The Second Edition of this market-leading book has been updated to include the latest results from relevant fields of astrophysics and advances in our theoretical understanding of astrophysical phenomena. The Tools of Astronomy: The Celestial Sphere, Celestial Mechanics, The Continuous Spectrum of Light, The Theory of Special Relativity, The Interaction of Light and Matter, Telescopes; The Nature of Stars: Binary Systems and Stellar Parameters, The Classification of Stellar Spectra, Stellar Atmospheres, The Interiors of Stars, The Sun, The Process of Star Formation, Post-Main-Sequence Stellar Evolution, Stellar Pulsation, Supernovae, The Degenerate Remnants of Stars, Black Holes, Close Binary Star Systems; Planetary Systems: Physical Processes in the Solar System, The Terrestrial Planets, The Jovian Worlds, Minor Bodies of the Solar System, The Formation of Planetary Systems; Galaxies and the Universe: The Milky Way Galaxy, The Nature of Galaxies, Galactic Evolution, The Structure of the Universe, Active Galaxies, Cosmology, The Early Universe; Astronomical and Physical Constants, Unit Conversions Between SI and cgs, Solar System Data, The Constellations, The Brightest Stars, The Nearest Stars, Stellar Data, The Messier Catalog, Constants, A Constants Module for Fortran 95 (Available as a C++ header file), Orbits, A Planetary Orbit Code (Available as Fortran 95 and C++ command line versions, and Windows GUI), TwoStars, A Binary Star Code (Generates synthetic light and radial velocity curves; available as Fortran 95 and C++ command line versions, and Windows GUI), StatStar, A Stellar Structure Code (Available as Fortran 95 and C++ command line versions, and Windows GUI), StatStar, Stellar Models, Galaxy, A Tidal Interaction Code (Available as Java), WMAP Data. For all readers interested in morden astrophysics.