Energy Economics : markets, history and policy / Roy L Neresian

Cover; Title; Copyright; Dedication; Contents; List of Figures; List of Tables; List of Online Material; Preface; 1 Energy Economics and Policy; What Is Energy?; Energy and Economics; Energy and the Environment; Air Pollution; Energy and Policy; Measuring Energy; The Problem Is the Size of the Problem; Forecasting Energy Demand; Short Cut for Projecting Energy Demand; A Model to Project Total Energy Demand; Problems and Projects; Notes; 2 Electricity and Utility Industry; Electricity Is Derived Energy; System Operation; Methods of Rate Regulation. Operating Models in an Era of Deregulation/LiberalizationSmart Meters/Smart Grids; Utility Pools; It Takes Energy to Make Energy; Projects and Problems; Notes; 3 Biomass; Yesterday's Fuel; Today's Fuel; Around the World with Biomass; Biomass for Electricity Generation; Not All Favor Biomass for Electricity; Biomass Fuels for Electricity Generation; Biogas; Disposal of Biowaste; Tapping Biomass for Electricity Generation; Biofuels; History of Ethanol as a Motor Vehicle Fuel; Brazil-The Great Leap Forward for Biofuels; The US-The Great Leap Forward for Corn Growers; The Great Sugar-Corn Debate. Other Developments in the World of EthanolCellulosic Ethanol; Biodiesel; Palm Oil as a Biodiesel Feedstock; Other Biodiesel Feedstocks; Biodiesel Development; Biodiesel Prospects; Biofuel Risks; Projects and Problems; Notes; 4 Coal; Types of Coal; Coal Mining; Coal in the Twenty-First Century; Coal Reserves; Coal Prices; Case against Coal; Clean Coal Technologies; Coal Gasification; Carbon Capture; Ash Disposal; Eliminating Coal Not So Easy; Problems and Project; Notes; 5 The Story of Big Oil; History of Oil; Early Attempts at Oil Price Controls; Enter Saudi Arabia and Kuwait. Exit the Key PlayersDevelopment of Saudi Arabia's Oil Fields; Shoes Begin to Fall; Birth of OPEC; 1973 Oil Crisis; First Occasion for High Oil Prices; Era of Moderate Oil Prices; Second Occasion for High Oil Prices; Geopolitical Risks; Oil and Diplomacy; Oil and Environmentalists; Role of Oil Companies after the Oil Crisis; A Changing World; Future Role of Oil Companies; Projects and Problems; Notes; 6 Oil; Oil Reserves; Is Hubbert's Peak Oil Dead?; Oil Consumption and Production; Oil Trade Patterns; Changing Nature of US Oil Imports and Middle East Exports; Oil Shale-Game Changer. Synthetic CrudeBitumen; Shale Oil; Challenge of Oil: The Automobile; Automobile Population; Fuel Savings with Piggybacking; Internalizing an Externality; Problems and Project; Notes; 7 Natural Gas; Background; Road to Deregulation; European Road to Liberalization; From Source to Consumer; Natural Gas as a Fuel; Natural Gas in the US; Natural Gas in Europe; Facing the Geopolitical Risk of Natural Gas; Natural Gas in Asia; Natural Gas in the Rest of the World; Transforming Natural Gas to Electricity; Carbon Emissions of Natural Gas; Selection Procedure for Electricity Generating Plants.